Haryana Civil Services Judicial Branch HCS(JB)-2014

1. The cardinal principle of Criminal Law Nullum crimen nulla poena sine lege means

  1. No crime or punishment can exist with-out a pre-existing penel law
  2. A man is presumed to be innocent until proven guilty
  3. Ignorance of law is no excuse
  4. An act must be accompanied by a criminal intent to constitute an offence

2. The doctrine of Necessity has been elaborately considered in the landmark decision of

  1. R v. McNaghten (1843) 8 Eng Rep 718
  2. Basdev v. State of PEPSU AIR 1956 SC 488
  3. R v. Dudley and Stephens (1884) 14 QBD 273
  4. Bimbadar pradhan v. State of Orissa AIR 1956 SC 469

3. In his will, Mr. Y wrote: "I intend my property to be equally divided between by three children A, S and H." A dishonestly scratched out the name of H, intending that it may be believed that the whole of the property was left to the divided between H and himself alone. A is guilty of

  1. Cheating
  2. Forgery
  3. Misappropriation
  4. Theft